Justice as an indicator of legal and political development: axiological approach

Abstract

The characteristic features of justice as a value indicator of legal and political development are considered. The concept of justice as a legal and political phenomenon that has a decisive impact on the quality of social life is defined. Historically formed varieties of the implementation of justice in social development are characterized from the standpoint of the present. Such varieties include: distributive justice (proportional distribution of material and spiritual goods, based on the natural-legal equality of all people, regardless of their national, social, class, property and other differences, but taking into account the merits of a particular citizen before society and the state); equalitarian justice (achieving maximum equality of rights and opportunities of social subjects without taking into account personal differences); retributive justice (ensuring true freedom of the individual, assessing its activities from the point of view of good and evil, encouragement and punishment). The main directions of ensuring justice in the conditions of the modern transformation of the state and society in Ukraine and the realities of the Russian-Ukrainian war are identified. The following areas are identified: the need to overcome the distribution crisis; harmonizing the functioning of law and policy with social norms; proper use of the potential of civil society; ensuring institutional and procedural justice; achieving a just peace for Ukraine. It has been revealed that the origins of the injustice existing in Ukrainian society should be sought not only in the objective nature of the rapid improvement of society and the consequences of the accelerated spontaneous dynamics of its development, but also in subjectively created conditions. It has been determined that a significant mistake of the subjects of the implementation of legal reform is also the attempt to form the legal basis that Ukrainian society needs, formally, in isolation from concrete social reality.