Modern Social Aspects of domestic Policy of sustainable Democracy Countries

Abstract

The domestic political development of the USA and Great Britain in the first two decades of the 21st century is considered. The purpose of the article is to highlight the social and economic aspects of the development of stable democracies in the specified period. At the same time, the author, relying on the analysis of memoir literature as the main and unique source of research, solved the task: to analyze the political views of the leading leaders of the USA and Great Britain in the socio-economic sphere and to consider the results and consequences of their activities. To achieve the set goal and solve the problems, the methods were applied: comparative-historical and systematic, which provide an opportunity to objectively cover the subject of scientific development. Presidents J.V. Bush and B. Obama in the United States and Prime Ministers T. Blair, G. Brown, D. Cameron and T. May in Great Britain conducted an active domestic policy. The Blair and Brown Labor governments implemented socio-economic transformations in the spirit of the “third way”, continuing the line of President W. Clinton, while J.V. Bush carried out a course of neoliberal counter-reforms, thus restoring the tradition of his conservative predecessors – R. Reagan, M. Thatcher and J.G. Bush. The financial and economic crisis of 2008 revealed the inability of measures based on the neoliberal concept to overcome it. The administration of B. Obama, overcoming the crisis, carried out a policy of moderate reforms based on Keynesian theory and aimed at building a fairer society in America. Conservative governments of Cameron and May, remaining supporters of neoliberalism, were forced to carry out limited social reforms in crisis conditions, designed to reduce tension in society and prove the prospects of “progressive conservatism”.